Register, ask, and answer questions to earn more points and privileges. Some features are disabled for users with few points.
In Kenya, Robbery involves stealing anything by using force or threatening to use violence on the other hand Robbery with Violence involves wounding, beating, striking or using any other personal violence to any person to steal.Practical ExampleRobbery example: If you go to a shop with a Gun and steal without causing any harm or injury to the owner (who is present), then that is RobberyRobbery with violence example: If you shot the owner or beat him, then that is Robbery with Violence. If the owner dies after shooting, then that is a different case.You can read what the law says on section 295 and 296 of the Penal Code to understand more.
To demonstrate mens area in robbery and robbery with violence, lets first understand the meaning of the two.Robbery involves threatening or using force before or at the time of theft in order to steal. On the other hand, robbery with violence involves stealing and the same time causing harm or death.Robbery and Robbery with violence have no mens area because the intention here was to use force to steal. Mens area will only be applicable if the jury rules that there was no force used and therefore it is not Robbery but theft.In theft, mens area is applicable if you argue that the person stealing thought he had the right to do so on behalf of himself or for a third person or the person whose property was stolen could not be accessed or reached. In such case, you will have to look at whether the intention was clear or not.Reading notesJudgment on Criminal appeal case number 101 of 2016 in the Court of Appeal, Nairobi: http://kenyalaw.org/caselaw/cases/view/160935Penal Code (Kenya)
Constitutional changes in Kenya between 1975 and 2011 include;1975 - The official language in the national Assembly was made to be either English or Kiswahili 1979 - Public servants who desired to vie for position in general elections were to resign at least six months before the elections. 1982 - Section 2A was amended making Kenya adejure one party state Position of the chief secretary as the head of the civil service was formalized 1986 - Citizenship requirement was repealed. Those whose parents were Kenyans were entitled to citizenship 1991 - The number of constituencies were raised to 210. Section 2A was repealed and Kenya became a multi-party state 2010 - After the referendum, a new constitution was promulgated
Features of political association formed in Kenya between 1920 and 1939 were;They were mainly ethnic based/they lacked national outlookThey addressed specific grievances affecting the ethnic groupsTheir demand focused mainly on the welfare of the peopleLed by educated Africans