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Difficulties that farmers in Kenya experience in marketing horticultural produce include;Pests, birds, rodents lower crop yield resulting to loses.Diseases eg blight, black rot and bacterial wilt lower crop yieldInefficient marketing system that lacks proper organization leads to losesStiff competition on the international market by other producers reduces market and sales thus low profits.Price fluctuations due to overproduction hence low returns.Climatic hazards like frost, hailstones and droughtHigh transport charges lead to low returnsHigh input prices lead to marginal profitsPoor roads which get muddy limit accessibity between farms and collecting centres.Inadequate refrigeration facilities may lead to reduction in quality of highly perishable produce.
Problems facing coffee farmers in Brazil include;Inappropriate conservation methods where farmers use wasteful methods.Soil exhaustion resulting in severe soil erosion low yields.Over production leading to reduced market price.Fluctuation to world prices discouraging farmers due to low prices and profitsCompetition from other coffee producing countries lead to low prices discouraging farmers.
Channels of distribution for importation of agricultural produce include;Foreign farmer? local consumerForeign farmer? local retailer ? local consumerForeign farmer? local wholesaler ?local retailer ? local consumerForeign farmer? Local wholesaler ? local consumerForeign farmer ? local agent? Wholesaler ?Retailer ?local consumerForeign farmer ? Local Representative ?Wholesaler ? Retailer ?Local consumer
Challenges facing the agricultural sector in Kenya today include;Poor infrastructure in some parts of the country has led to great loss of farm produce.The unstable prices of agricultural products on the local and world markets.Various parts of the country are occasionally hit by famine and drought.Lack of adequate finances for farmers to acquire farm inputsUse of poor technology/traditional methods of productionMismanagement of cooperatives has improvensed farmersIndustrialized nations has frustrated Kenyan farmersInsecurity due to ethnic clashes and cattle rustlingPopulation of Kenya is growing faster than gains in agricultural sector
Government policy improves agricultural production by;Land reform policy to enable improve land ownershipProvision of extension services/educationHelp control parasites/diseases and weeds effectivelyProvision of storage facilities for bulky commoditiesEstablish openers to supply inputs and market Agricultural goods.Provide subsidies on Agricultural inputsImpose high taxation on imports to protect local Agricultural productsImprove laws to regulate quality of AgricultureFacilitate conservation of natural resourcesEstablish national food security