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Effects of Portuguese rule on the East African Coast include;It lead to the decline of Indian Ocean trade and local trade.It led to loss of lives through raids/introduction of many weapons lead to insecurity in the place.It led to decline and ruin of towns e.g GediTheir raids led to destruction of propertyHeavy taxes imposed on coastal people hindered coastal economic development.They built fort Jesus and Vasco da Gama which became historical monument.Introduced new crops to the coast e.g maize and cashew nutsTheir language enriched Kiswahili vocabulary through borrowing of words e.g pesa, baruti.They improved links between the Coast and India/GoaThey practiced slave trade and this led to depopulation and human suffering
Reasons for the success of Portuguese conquest along the East African Coast are;Disunity of the Coastal city statesHad superior weaponsReinforcement from Goa in IndiaBetter naval powerLack of resistance from some townsPortuguese made alliance with some local rulersWeakness of Rival navies e.g. Turkish & Persia
Roles of the Portuguese captain in the administration of Kenyan coast were;To collect taxesLevied duties on imports and exportsMobilized army to suppress rebellionsWere administrators/supervised the ruling families
Messages that could be relayed through drum beating in traditional African society include;Announcing funeralsAnnouncing meetingsDeclaration of warArrival of strangersImpending danger
Sections of the East African Rift Valley include;Gregory Rift ValleyMalawi WesternEthiopia